The Model 1861, along with the imported British pattern 1853 rifle musket, were the primary Union percussion rifle muskets in the early years of the Civil War. The 40"" round 58 caliber barrel has a fine bore with strong bright rifling. The barrel is dated 1862 at the breech and has the correct V over P over eagle inspection marks. All the metal has a smooth gray-brown patina.  The lock is marked U.S. over SPRINGFIELD with the eagle to the center and 1862 at the tail. The stock is good with no cracks, an old chip at the left forward ramrod channel, moderate usage wear, and two visible cartouches on the left flat. The bottom of the stock at the butt is marked GAR which stands for the Grand Army of the Republic, a Union veteran's organization. It was most likely used in parades and other events. The action functions correctly. The Model 1861 is a MUST for any Civil War or rifle musket collection.